181. An online survey company runs its application in the AWS Cloud. The application is distributed and consists of microservices that run in an automatically scaled Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The ECS cluster is a target for an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is a custom origin for an Amazon CloudFront distribution.
The company has a survey that contains sensitive data. The sensitive data must be encrypted when it moves through the application. The application’s data-handling microservice is the only microservice that should be able to decrypt the data
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create a symmetric AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a field-level encryption profile and a configuration. Associate the KMS key and the configuration with the CloudFront cache behavior.
B. Create an RSA key pair that is dedicated to the data-handing microservice. Upload the public key to the CloudFront distribution. Create a field-level encryption profile and a configuration. Add the configuration to the CloudFront cache behavior.
C. Create a symmetric AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a Lambda@Edge function. Program the function to use the KMS key to encrypt the sensitive data.
D. Create an RSA key pair that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a Lambda@Edge function. Program the function to use the private key of the RSA key pair to encrypt the sensitive data.
Answer
B
182. A solutions architect is determining the DNS strategy for an existing VPC. The VPC is provisioned to use the 10.24.34.0/24 CIDR block. The VPC also uses Amazon Route 53 Resolver for DNS. New requirements mandate that DNS queries must use private hosted zones. Additionally instances that have public IP addresses must receive corresponding public hostnames
Which solution will meet these requirements to ensure that the domain names are correctly resolved within the VPC?
A. Create a private hosted zone. Activate the enableDnsSupport attribute and the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Update the VPC DHCP options set to include domain-name-servers=10.24.34.2.
B. Create a private hosted zone Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC. Activate the enableDnsSupport attribute and the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Create a new VPC DHCP options set, and configure domain-name-servers=AmazonProvidedDNS. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.
C. Deactivate the enableDnsSupport attribute for the VPActivate the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPCreate a new VPC DHCP options set, and configure doman-name-servers=10.24.34.2. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.
D. Create a private hosted zone. Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC. Activate the enableDnsSupport attribute for the VPC. Deactivate the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Update the VPC DHCP options set to include domain-name-servers=AmazonProvidedDNS.
Answer
B
183. A data analytics company has an Amazon Redshift cluster that consists of several reserved nodes. The cluster is experiencing unexpected bursts of usage because a team of employees is compiling a deep audit analysis report. The queries to generate the report are complex read queries and are CPU intensive.
Business requirements dictate that the cluster must be able to service read and write queries at all times. A solutions architect must devise a solution that accommodates the bursts of usage.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Provision an Amazon EMR cluster Offload the complex data processing tasks.
B. Deploy an AWS Lambda function to add capacity to the Amazon Redshift cluster by using a classic resize operation when the cluster’s CPU metrics in Amazon CloudWatch reach 80%.
C. Deploy an AWS Lambda function to add capacity to the Amazon Redshift cluster by using an elastic resize operation when the cluster’s CPU metrics in Amazon CloudWatch reach 80%.
D. Turn on the Concurrency Scaling feature for the Amazon Redshift cluster.
Answer
D
184. A research center is migrating to the AWS Cloud and has moved its on-premises 1 PB object storage to an Amazon S3 bucket. One hundred scientists are using this object storage to store their work-related documents. Each scientist has a personal folder on the object store. All the scientists are members of a single IAM user group.
The research center’s compliance officer is worried that scientists will be able to access each other’s work. The research center has a strict obligation to report on which scientist accesses which documents. The team that is responsible for these reports has little AWS experience and wants a ready-to-use solution that minimizes operational overhead.
Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Create an identity policy that grants the user read and write access. Add a condition that specifies that the S3 paths must be prefixed with $(aws:username). Apply the policy on the scientists’ IAM user group.
B. Configure a trail with AWS CloudTrail to capture all object-level events in the S3 bucket. Store the trail output in another S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to query the logs and generate reports.
C. Enable S3 server access logging. Configure another S3 bucket as the target for log delivery. Use Amazon Athena to query the logs and generate reports.
D. Create an S3 bucket policy that grants read and write access to users in the scientists’ IAM user group.
E. Configure a trail with AWS CloudTrail to capture all object-level events in the S3 bucket and write the events to Amazon CloudWatch. Use the Amazon Athena CloudWatch connector to query the logs and generate reports.
Answer
A, B
185. A company uses AWS Organizations to manage a multi-account structure. The company has hundreds of AWS accounts and expects the number of accounts to increase. The company is building a new application that uses Docker images. The company will push the Docker images to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Only accounts that are within the company’s organization should have access to the images.
The company has a CI/CD process that runs frequently. The company wants to retain all the tagged images. However, the company wants to retain only the five most recent untagged images.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create a private repository in Amazon ECR. Create a permissions policy for the repository that allows only required ECR operations. Include a condition to allow the ECR operations if the value of the aws:PrincipalOrglD condition key is equal to the ID of the company’s organization. Add a lifecycle rule to the ECR repository that deletes all untagged images over the count of five
B. Create a public repository in Amazon ECR. Create an IAM role in the ECR account. Set permissions so that any account can assume the role if the value of the aws:PrincipalOrglD condition key is equal to the ID of the company’s organization. Add a lifecycle rule to the ECR repository that deletes all untagged images over the count of five.
C. Create a private repository in Amazon ECR. Create a permissions policy for the repository that includes only required ECR operations. Include a condition to allow the ECR operations for all account IDs in the organization Schedule a daily Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that deletes all untagged images over the count of five.
D. Create a public repository in Amazon ECR. Configure Amazon ECR to use an interface VPC endpoint with an endpoint policy that includes the required permissions for images that the company needs to pull. Include a condition to allow the ECR operations for all account IDs in the company’s organization. Schedule a daily Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that deletes all untagged images over the count of five.
Answer
A
186. A solutions architect is reviewing a company’s process for taking snapshots of Amazon RDS DB instances. The company takes automatic snapshots every day and retains the snapshots for 7 days.
The solutions architect needs to recommend a solution that takes snapshots every 6 hours and retains the snapshots for 30 days. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage all of its AWS accounts. The company needs a consolidated view of the health of the RDS snapshots.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Turn on the cross-account management feature in AWS Backup. Create a backup plan that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Add a tag to the DB instances. Apply the backup plan by using tags. Use AWS Backup to monitor the status of the backups.
B. Turn on the cross-account management feature in Amazon RDS. Create a snapshot global policy that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Use the RDS console in the management account to monitor the status of the backups.
C. Turn on the cross-account management feature in AWS CloudFormation. From the management account, deploy a CloudFormation stack set that contains a backup plan from AWS Backup that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Create an AWS Lambda function in the management account to monitor the status of the backups. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in each account to run the Lambda function on a schedule.
D. Configure AWS Backup in each account. Create an Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager lifecycle policy that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Specify the DB instances as the target resource Use the Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager console in each member account to monitor the status of the backups.
Answer
A
187. A company is using AWS Organizations with a multi-account architecture. The company’s current security configuration for the account architecture includes SCPs, resource-based policies, identity-based policies, trust policies, and session policies.
A solutions architect needs to allow an IAM user in Account A to assume a role in Account B.
Which combination of steps must the solutions architect take to meet this requirement? (Choose three.)
A. Configure the SCP for Account A to allow the action.
B. Configure the resource-based policies to allow the action.
C. Configure the identity-based policy on the user in Account A to allow the action.
D. Configure the identity-based policy on the user in Account B to allow the action.
E. Configure the trust policy on the target role in Account B to allow the action.
F. Configure the session policy to allow the action and to be passed programmatically by the GetSessionToken API operation.
Answer
A, C, E
188. A company wants to use Amazon S3 to back up its on-premises file storage solution. The company’s on-premises file storage solution supports NFS, and the company wants its new solution to support NFS. The company wants to archive the backup files after 5 days. If the company needs archived files for disaster recovery, the company is willing to wait a few days for the retrieval of those files.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway that is associated with an S3 bucket. Move the files from the on-premises file storage solution to the file gateway. Create an S3 Lifecycle rule to move the files to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 5 days.
B. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway that is associated with an S3 bucket. Move the files from the on-premises file storage solution to the volume gateway. Create an S3 Lifecycle rule to move the files to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 5 days.
C. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway tape gateway that is associated with an S3 bucket. Move the files from the on-premises file storage solution to the tape gateway. Create an S3 Lifecycle rule to move the files to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 5 days.
D. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway that is associated with an S3 bucket. Move the files from the on-premises file storage solution to the file gateway. Create an S3 Lifecycle rule to move the files to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 5 days.
Answer
D
189. A company runs its application on Amazon EC2 instances and AWS Lambda functions. The EC2 instances experience a continuous and stable load. The Lambda functions experience a varied and unpredictable load. The application includes a caching layer that uses an Amazon MemoryDB for Redis cluster.
A solutions architect must recommend a solution to minimize the company’s overall monthly costs.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Purchase an EC2 instance Savings Plan to cover the EC2 instances. Purchase a Compute Savings Plan for Lambda to cover the minimum expected consumption of the Lambda functions. Purchase reserved nodes to cover the MemoryDB cache nodes.
B. Purchase a Compute Savings Plan to cover the EC2 instances. Purchase Lambda reserved concurrency to cover the expected Lambda usage. Purchase reserved nodes to cover the MemoryDB cache nodes.
C. Purchase a Compute Savings Plan to cover the entire expected cost of the EC2 instances, Lambda functions, and MemoryDB cache nodes.
D. Purchase a Compute Savings Plan to cover the EC2 instances and the MemoryD
Answer
A
190. A company is launching a new online game on Amazon EC2 instances. The game must be available globally. The company plans to run the game in three AWS Regions us-east-1, eu-west-1, and ap-southeast-1. The game’s leaderboards, player inventory and event status must be available across Regions.
A solutions architect must design a solution that will give any Region the ability to scale to handle the load of all Regions. Additionally, users must automatically connect to the Region that provides the least latency.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create an EC2 Spot Fleet. Attach the Spot Fleet to a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in each Region. Create an AWS Global Accelerator IP address that points to the NLB. Create an Amazon Route 53 latency-based routing entry for the Global Accelerator IP address. Save the game metadata to an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in each Region. Set up a read replica in the other Regions.
B. Create an Auto Scaling group for the EC2 instances Attach the Auto Scaling group to a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in each Region. For each Region, create an Amazon Route 53 entry that uses geoproximity routing and points to the NLB in that Region. Save the game metadata to MySQL databases on EC2 instances in each Region. Set up replication between the database EC2 instances in each Region.
C. Create an Auto Scaling group for the EC2 instances. Attach the Auto Scaling group to a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in each Region. For each Region, create an Amazon Route 53 entry that uses latency-based routing and points to the NLB in that Region. Save the game metadata to an Amazon DynamoDB global table.
D. Use EC2 Global View. Deploy the EC2 instances to each Region. Attach the instances to a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Deploy a DNS server on an EC2 instance in each Region. Set up custom logic on each DNS server to redirect the user to the Region that provides the lowest latency. Save the game metadata to an Amazon Aurora global database.
Answer
C