101. A network engineer is designing hybrid connectivity with AWS Direct Connect and AWS Transit Gateway. A transit gateway is attached to a Direct Connect gateway and 19 VPCs across different AWS accounts. Two new VPCs are being attached to the transit gateway. The IP address administrator has assigned 10.0.32.0/21 to the first VPC and 10.0.40.0/21 to the second VPC. The prefix list has one CIDR block remaining before the prefix list reaches the quota for the maximum number of entries.
What should the network engineer do to advertise the routes from AWS to on premises to meet these requirements?
A. Add 10.0.32.0/21 and 10.0.40.0/21 to both AWS managed prefix lists.
B. Add 10.0.32.0/21 and 10.0.40.0/21 to the allowed prefix list.
C. Add 10.0.32.0/20 to both AWS managed prefix lists.
D. Add 10.0.32.0/20 to the allowed prefix list.
Answer
D
102. Two companies are merging. The companies have a large AWS presence with multiple VPCs and are designing connectivity between their AWS networks. Both companies are using AWS Direct Connect with a Direct Connect gateway. Each company also has a transit gateway and multiple AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections from its transit gateway to on-premises resources. The new solution must optimize network visibility, throughput, logging, and monitoring.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure a Site-to-Site VPN connection between each company’s transit gateway to establish reachability between the respective networks. Configure VPC Flow Logs for all VPCs. Publish the flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch. Use VPC Reachability Analyzer to monitor connectivity.
B. Configure a Site-to-Site VPN connection between each company’s transit gateway to establish reachability between the respective networks. Configure VPC Flow Logs for all VPCs. Publish the flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch. Use AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager to monitor the transit gateways and their respective connections.
C. Configure transit gateway peering between each company’s transit gateway. Configure VPC Flow Logs for all VPCs. Publish the flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch. Use VPC Reachability Analyzer to monitor connectivity.
D. Configure transit gateway peering between each company’s transit gateway. Configure VPC Flow Logs for all VPCs. Publish the flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch. Use AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager to monitor the transit gateways, their respective connections, and the transit gateway peering link.
Answer
D
103. A company has a single VPC in the us-east-1 Region. The company is planning to set up a new VPC in the us-east-2 Region. The existing VPC has an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to the company’s on-premises environment and uses a virtual private gateway.
A network engineer needs to implement a solution to establish connectivity between the existing VPC and the new VPC. The solution also must implement support for IPv6 for the new VPC. The company has new on-premises resources that need to connect to VPC resources by using IPv6 addresses.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create a new virtual private gateway in us-east-1. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the new VPC. Create two new Site-to-Site VPN connections to the new virtual private gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure routing between the VPCs by using VPC peering.
B. Create a transit gateway in us-east-1 and in us-east-2. Attach the existing VPC and the new VPC to each transit gateway. Create a new Site-to-Site VPN connection to each transit gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure transit gateway peering. Configure routing between the VPCs and the on-premises environment.
C. Create a new virtual private gateway in us-east-2. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the new VPCreate two new Site-to-Site VPN connections to the new virtual private gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure routing between the VPCs by using VPC peering.
D. Create a transit gateway in us-east-1. Attach the existing VPC and the new VPC to the transit gateway. Create two new Site-to-Site VPN connections to the transit gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure transit gateway peering. Configure routing between the VPCs and the on-premises environment.
Answer
B
104. A network engineer is working on a private DNS design to integrate AWS workloads and on-premises resources. The AWS deployment consists of five VPCs in the eu-west-1 Region that connect to the on-premises network over AWS Direct Connect. The VPCs communicate with each other by using a transit gateway. Each VPC is associated with a private hosted zone that uses the aws.example.internal domain. The network engineer creates an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in a shared services VPC and attaches the shared services VPC to the transit gateway.
The network engineer is implementing a solution for DNS resolution. Queries for hostnames that end with aws.example.internal must use the private hosted zone. Queries for hostnames that end with all other domains must be forwarded to a private on-premises DNS resolver.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Add a forwarding rule for “*” that targets the on-premises server’s DNS IP address. Add a system rule for aws.example.internal that targets Route 53 Resolver.
B. Add a forwarding rule for aws.example.internal that targets Route 53 Resolver. Add a system rule for “.” that targets the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.
C. Add a forwarding rule for “*” that targets the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.
D. Add a forwarding rule for “.” that targets the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.
Answer
D
105. A global film production company uses the AWS Cloud to encode and store its video content before distribution. The company’s three global offices are connected to the us-east-1 Region through AWS Site-to-Site VPN links that terminate on a transit gateway with BGP routing activated.
The company recently started to produce content at a higher resolution to support 8K streaming. The size of the content files has increased to three times the size of the content files from the previous format. Uploads of files to Amazon EC2 instances are taking 10 times longer than they did with the previous format.
Which actions should a network engineer recommend to reduce the upload times? (Choose two.)
A. Create a second VPN tunnel from each office location to the transit gateway. Activate equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing.
B. Modify the transit gateway to activate Jumbo MTU on the VPN tunnels to each office location.
C. Replace the existing VPN tunnels with new tunnels that have acceleration activated.
D. Upgrade each EC2 instance to a modern instance type. Activate Jumbo MTU in the operating system.
E. Replace the existing VPN tunnels with new tunnels that have IGMP activated.
Answer
A, C
106. An application team for a startup company is deploying a new multi-tier application into the AWS Cloud. The application will be hosted on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group behind a publicly accessible Network Load Balancer (NLB). The application requires the clients to work with UDP traffic and TCP traffic.
In the near term, the application will serve only users within the same geographic location. The application team plans to extend the application to a global audience and will move the deployment to multiple AWS Regions around the world to bring the application closer to the end users. The application team wants to use the new Regions to deploy new versions of the application and wants to be able to control the amount of traffic that each Region receives during these rollouts. In addition, the application team must minimize first-byte latency and jitter (randomized delay) for the end users.
How should the application team design the network architecture for the application to meet these requirements?
A. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution to align to each Regional deployment. Set the NLB for each Region as the origin for each CloudFront distribution. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to control traffic to the newer Regional deployments.
B. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator and listeners for the required ports. Configure endpoint groups for each Region. Configure a traffic dial for the endpoint groups to control traffic to the newer Regional deployments. Register the NLBs with the endpoint groups.
C. Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration for the application in each Region. Adjust the amount of traffic that each Region receives from the Transfer Acceleration endpoints to the Regional NLBs.
D. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that includes an origin group. Set the NLB for each Region as the origins for the origin group. Use an Amazon Route 53 latency routing policy to control traffic to the new Regional deployments.
Answer
B
107. A company is deploying a new stateless web application on AWS. The web application will run on Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets behind an Application Load Balancer. The EC2 instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The web application has a stateful management application for administration that will run on EC2 instances that are in a separate Auto Scaling group.
The company wants to access the management application by using the same URL as the web application, with a path prefix of/management. The protocol, hostname, and port number must be the same for the web application and the management application. Access to the management application must be restricted to the company’s on-premises IP address space. An SSL/TLS certificate from AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) will protect the web application.
Which combination of steps should a network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Insert a rule for the load balancer HTTPS listener. Configure the rule to check the path-pattern condition type for the /management prefix and to check the source-ip condition type for the on-premises IP address space. Forward requests to the management application target group if there is a match. Edit the management application target group and enable stickiness.
B. Modify the default rule for the load balancer HTTPS listener. Configure the rule to check the path-pattern condition type for the /management prefix and to check the source-ip condition type for the on-premises IP address space. Forward requests to the management application target group if there is not a match. Enable group-level stickiness in the rule attributes.
C. Insert a rule for the load balancer HTTPS listener. Configure the rule to check the path-pattern condition type for the /management prefix and to check the X-Forwarded-For HTTP header for the on-premises IP address space. Forward requests to the management application target group if there is a match. Enable group-level stickiness in the rule attributes.
D. Modify the default rule for the load balancer HTTPS listener. Configure the rule to check the path-pattern condition type for the /management prefix and to check the source-ip condition type for the on-premises IP address space. Forward requests to the web application target group if there is not a match.
E. Forward all requests to the web application target group. Edit the web application target group and disable stickiness.
Answer
A, E
108. A company deploys a software solution on Amazon EC2 instances that are in a cluster placement group. The solution’s UI is a single HTML page. The HTML file size is 1,024 bytes. The software processes files that exceed 1,024 MB in size. The software shares files over the network to clients upon request. The files are shared with the Don’t Fragment flag set. Elastic network interfaces of the EC2 instances are set up with jumbo frames.
The UI is always accessible from all allowed source IP addresses, regardless of whether the source IP addresses are within a VPC, on the internet, or on premises. However, clients sometimes do not receive files that they request because the files fail to travel successfully from the software to the clients.
Which options provide a possible root cause of these failures? (Choose two.)
A. The source IP addresses are from on-premises hosts that are routed over AWS Direct Connect.
B. The source IP addresses are from on-premises hosts that are routed over AWS Site-to-Site VPN.
C. The source IP addresses are from hosts that connect over the public internet.
D. The security group of the EC2 instances does not allow ICMP traffic.
E. The operating system of the EC2 instances does not support jumbo frames.
Answer
B, C
109. A company has users who work from home. The company wants to move these users to Amazon WorkSpaces for additional security visibility.
The company has deployed WorkSpaces in its own AWS account in VPC A. A network engineer decides to provide the security visibility by using two firewall appliances behind a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB). The network engineer provisions another VPC, VPC B, in a separate account and deploys the two firewall appliances in separate Availability Zones.
What should the network engineer do to configure the network connectivity for this solution?
A. Create a GWLB in VPC A with the firewall appliance instances as targets. Use the GWLB to create a GWLB endpoint. Add the AWS principal ARN of the WorkSpaces account to the principal allow list of the GWLB endpoint. In the WorkSpaces account, create a VPC endpoint and specify the service name that the AWS Management Console provides for the GWLB endpoint. Modify the route tables of VPC A to point the default route to the VPC endpoint.
B. Create a GWLB in VPC B with the firewall appliance instances as targets. Use the GWLB to create a GWLB endpoint. Add the AWS principal ARN of the WorkSpaces account to the principal allow list of the GWLB endpoint. In the WorkSpaces account, create a VPC endpoint and specify the service name that the AWS Management Console provides for the GWLB endpoint. Modify the route tables of VPC A to point the default route to the GWLB endpoint.
C. Create a GWLB in VPC B with the firewall appliance instances as targets. Use the GWLB to create a GWLB endpoint. Add the AWS principal ARN of the WorkSpaces account to the principal allow list of the GWLB endpoint. In the WorkSpaces account, create a VPC endpoint and specify the service name that the AWS Management Console provides for the GWLB endpoint. Modify the route tables of VPC A to point the WorkSpaces subnet to the VPC endpoint.
D. Create a GWLB in VPC B with the firewall appliance instances as targets. Use the GWLB to create a GWLB endpoint. Add the AWS principal ARN of the account that contains the firewall appliances to the principal allow list of the GWLB endpoint. In the WorkSpaces account, create a VPC endpoint and specify the service name that the AWS Management Console provides for the GWLB endpoint. Modify the route tables of VPC A to point the default route to the VPC endpoint.
Answer
B
110. A company needs to temporarily scale out capacity for an on-premises application and wants to deploy new servers on Amazon EC2 instances. A network engineer must design the networking solution for the connectivity and for the application on AWS.
The EC2 instances need to share data with the existing servers in the on-premises data center. The servers must not be accessible from the internet. All traffic to the internet must route through the firewall in the on-premises data center. The servers must be able to access a third-party web application.
Which configuration will meet these requirements?
A. Create a VPC that has public subnets and private subnets. Create a customer gateway, a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet. Create a route table, and associate the public subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the internet gateway. Create a route table, and associate the private subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the NAT gateway. Add routes for the data center subnets to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the private subnets.
B. Create a VPC that has private subnets. Create a customer gateway, a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a route table, and associate the private subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the private subnets.
C. Create a VPC that has public subnets. Create a customer gateway, a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a route table, and associate the public subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the internet gateway. Add routes for the on-premises data center subnets to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the public subnets.
D. Create a VPC that has public subnets and private subnets. Create a customer gateway, a virtual private gateway, and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Create a route table, and associate the public subnets with the route table. Add a default route to the internet gateway. Create a route table, and associate the private subnets with the route table. Add routes for the on-premises data center subnets to the virtual private gateway. Deploy the application to the private subnets.
Answer
B